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First, the prevention of premature aging peanuts from the pod-forming period to the full fruit period is a period that requires more water and fertilizer. If the supply of water and fertilizer is insufficient, it will cause poor plant growth, poor growth, yellow leaves, premature aging, resulting in reduced green leaf area and decreased photosynthetic capacity. The production of nutrients is small, the accumulation of dry matter is reduced, the speed of transportation to the pods is slowed down, and the yield is affected. Fields that are prematurely deficient due to lack of fertilizer should be sprayed with 0.3%-0.4% potassium dihydrogen phosphate plus 1% urea solution 50 kg per 667 square meters outside the pod-to-fruit stage. The spraying time is best in the sunny afternoon. After 4 o'clock, spray once every 10 days, usually 2-3 times, can effectively supplement nutrients and prevent premature aging. Fields that cause premature aging due to drought should be replenished in time to meet the water demand of peanuts, promote the absorption and transport of nutrients, increase the accumulation of dry matter, and increase production.
Second, the anti-apricot peanuts are full of fruit, vegetative growth gradually declines, nutrients are transferred to the pods, and dry matter accumulates rapidly. However, due to various factors such as temperature, rain, light and excessive application of nitrogen fertilizer, the stems and leaves of peanuts are long, prematurely sealed, closed in the field, consume a lot of nutrients, inhibit the accumulation of dry matter and affect the yield. Therefore, for peanuts with a long trend, measures should be taken to inhibit vegetative growth and promote reproductive growth, which has a significant effect on increasing peanut yield.
Third, anti-storage peanuts have the characteristics of "Magpies, Do not like to squat" and "Dry to the ground, not wet, not wet." Especially in the late stage of peanut growth, peanut fields must not accumulate water. In case of rain or even rain, it should be drained in time to prevent water accumulation, so that the humidity in the field is too large, causing long stems and leaves, poor soil ventilation, affecting the roots and pods, and easily causing a lot of rotten fruit or germination, reducing yield and quality. When planting peanuts on plots with high groundwater levels, it is necessary to implement high ridge cultivation or digging drains to lower the water level.
Fourth, the main disease in the late stage of pest control is leaf spot disease, the chlorophyll of the damaged leaves is destroyed, the light and effect are reduced, causing early defoliation, affecting dry matter accumulation and pod ripening, generally reducing production by 15%-20%, and reducing production in severe cases. %the above. In the prevention and treatment, 1:1:300 times Bordeaux mixture should be sprayed for prevention before the onset of the disease. In the early stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim WP 800 times solution can be used for prevention and treatment. The main pests in the late stage of peanuts are underground pests dominated by alfalfa, which should be controlled in time. In the later stage, aphids occur. When the rate of insects reaches 5% or more, they can be sprayed with 10% imidacloprid wettable powder.
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