On July 18th, the prestigious journal "Science" published a groundbreaking study on full-print mesoscopic perovskite solar cells, developed by the Han Hongwei Task Force at Huazhong University of Science and Technology. This research was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China's Youth Fund (Project No. 61106056). The study marks a significant step forward in the development of low-cost, high-efficiency solar technology.
Efficient utilization of solar energy is crucial for addressing global energy shortages and environmental challenges. As a key player in third-generation solar cells, mesoscopic solar cells—based on inorganic or organic semiconductor materials with three-dimensional interpenetrating networks—have gained widespread attention due to their potential for cost-effective energy production. In recent years, the integration of perovskite materials like MAPbI3 has led to rapid advancements, with photoelectric conversion efficiency soaring from 3.8% to 17.9% in just two years, showcasing promising commercial potential.
However, current high-performance solar cells often rely on costly organic hole-transport materials and gold counter electrodes. These components are not only expensive—spiro-OMeTAD, for example, costs ten times more than gold or platinum—but also require complex vacuum and high-energy processing techniques. As a result, achieving a low-cost, all-solid-state mesoscopic solar cell with high efficiency and long-term stability remains a major challenge for large-scale solar applications.
In response to this challenge, Han Hongwei’s research team introduced a novel mixed-cation perovskite material, (5-AVA)x(MA)(1-x)PbI3, by incorporating amphipathic molecules such as valeric acid. This material was applied in a printable mesoscopic solar cell that eliminates the need for a hole-transport layer. The device features a layered structure, including a titanium dioxide nanocrystalline film, a zirconia insulating layer, and a carbon counter electrode, all deposited on a single conductive substrate through a simple printing process, followed by filling with the perovskite material.
This innovative approach enables a seamless integration of low cost and continuous manufacturing, making it highly suitable for industrial scalability. The results showed a remarkable photoelectric conversion efficiency of 12.84%, along with excellent reproducibility and stability. The efficiency was independently verified by Newport Corporation’s photovoltaic laboratory in the U.S., marking the highest performance achieved so far for perovskite solar cells without a hole-transport layer.
The fully printed mesoscopic solar cell developed by Han Hongwei’s group addresses the growing demand for affordable photovoltaic solutions. Reviewers have praised the study, noting that this breakthrough could significantly influence the future of solar cell technology, paving the way for more sustainable and accessible clean energy systems.
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