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In recent years, the field of security video surveillance has been striving for innovation, not only improving its own technology but also actively integrating mature technologies from other industries. For instance, we’ve seen HD-SDI technology from the broadcasting sector being referenced in the security video surveillance industry. Moving forward, we’re expanding our efforts into Ethernet-based solutions to facilitate centralized monitoring and networked applications. This demonstrates that whenever there’s a practical need, we can always look to other industries for inspiration and refine our overall solutions.
First, let’s discuss the concept of a disk array. Defining a disk array is straightforward because the term is widely understood. A disk array (DiskArray) is essentially a hard disk controller that manages the interconnectedness of multiple hard disks, synchronizing their read/write operations to minimize errors, boost efficiency, and enhance reliability. Disk arrays are highly specialized products with stringent reliability requirements.
However, defining a professional-grade disk array can be challenging. In the 1990s, the term DiskArray clearly signified a specific, professional product. There was no debate over its professionalism because the term itself implied expertise. Yet, with the adoption of technologies like iSCSI, SATA, and SAS, the barrier to creating basic disk array functionality has dropped. The widespread use of Linux and advancements in RAID, iSCSI, NFS, and SAMBA within the Linux ecosystem have made disk array products more accessible. Consequently, numerous disk array manufacturers have emerged, diluting the level of specialization expected in the field. For example, a PC server modified with additional hardware can mimic a disk array, but such products often compromise reliability for affordability.
So, what defines a professional disk array? Professional disk arrays typically exhibit the following characteristics: (1) modular design encompassing cooling systems, power supplies, and data processing cores; (2) redundant controller architectures; (3) advanced disaster recovery technologies like snapshots, volume mirroring, and remote replication; (4) dedicated hardware chips for RAID operations; (5) high-performance cache technologies with mirrored caching.
Secondly, the evolution of disk arrays in the video surveillance market has been significant. Concepts like DAS, NAS, and SAN have been utilized across industries for years, including the security monitoring sector. When selecting storage devices for security programs, reliability and stability are paramount considerations. Choosing the right storage solution is crucial for the success and stability of any project.
Recently, IP SAN devices, which are most commonly associated with disk arrays, have gained visibility among industry professionals. Technological advancements have lowered the barriers to implementing IP SANs, leading to a flood of low-end products in the market. However, true professional-grade products remain underutilized due to pricing and unfamiliarity with the security market.
How does one select the right product amidst the myriad options available? It’s simpler than you might think. Controller architecture products are both mature and stable, though less recognized in the security monitoring domain. Products with controller architecture fulfill the demands for secure, stable, and reliable data storage. By focusing on this direction and evaluating brands and pricing, one can make informed decisions. Professional disk array manufacturers also face challenges in entering the security market, primarily due to unfamiliarity with industry-specific applications and budget constraints.
For instance, UOB launched a series of high-reliability professional disk arrays in 2012, utilizing a controller architecture to ensure equipment stability and secure data protection. Disk arrays not only address storage space issues but also bear the responsibility of safeguarding stored data. Many entry-level products on the market rely on PC server architectures and generic industrial chassis, leveraging open-source Linux RAID management software and iSCSITarget solutions to achieve basic storage functions. While these solutions are cost-effective, they lack robust failure recovery mechanisms, leaving customers uncertain about their stability.
Professional disk arrays ensure data security through multiple layers. First, they must be free of single points of failure, feature non-interconnected internal components, and employ modular designs for hardware reliability. Additionally, they must support internal path multipathing and load balancing, external path multipathing, and link aggregation, along with advanced backup features like snapshots, volume mirroring, data migration, and remote replication. These software features help maintain high data availability.
Currently, most professional disk array products boast an annual downtime of less than 0.05%, translating to 99.95% reliability. High-end models achieve 99.99% reliability, with downtime not exceeding 57 minutes annually.
Thirdly, let’s analyze several professional storage solutions. In the professional storage product field, discussing DVRs or NVRs in the surveillance domain is irrelevant since they aren’t professional concepts. However, in the security field, different projects necessitate choices between NAS, DAS, and SAN. Here, we’ll break down the optimal application schemes for various systems.
For small-scale monitoring systems, typically featuring analog cameras and embedded DVRs or NVRs with IPC equipment, cost-effective and stable devices suffice. In these scenarios, embedded DVRs and NVRs can leverage their built-in hard drives for storage. Given the limited number of monitoring points—usually fewer than 50—these devices can adequately meet storage needs.
Medium-sized applications involve approximately 500 monitoring points with long storage durations. Real-time 24/7 recording generates vast amounts of data, demanding efficient data storage and management. We recommend using IPSAN with coding devices and video synthesis platforms. This approach allows unified device management, centralized data storage, and enhanced security. Choosing reliable products minimizes future maintenance hassles.
Large-scale systems, reaching thousands of points, are exemplified by Safe City projects. These applications are characterized by complexity, massive data volumes, and tiered storage strategies. Both IPSAN and FCSAN coexist here, with IPSAN handling primary storage duties while uploading critical data to upper-tier centers for backup. FCSAN offers higher reliability and better latency, addressing large data throughput bottlenecks.
As for the application of storage products in the security video field, the industry’s rapid growth has heightened attention to data storage and security. Unlike financial, medical, or internet data storage, security data security concerns are less prioritized. Many projects merely seek basic survival with minimal security, making fault recovery and data backup secondary. However, with high-definition video technology maturing and costs decreasing, high-definition applications are proliferating, prompting increased emphasis on data security. Previously, video quality issues rendered footage less valuable, often used only for post-facto evidence collection. The industry's cost sensitivity has also driven the adoption of lower-end centralized storage devices, prioritizing price over stability. This has led to the security industry lagging behind in storage standards. The advent of high-definition will transform this landscape, as high-definition video supports better intelligent analysis, elevating its reference value. As data importance grows, so too will its security requirements.
In conclusion, the integration of advanced technologies from other sectors continues to drive innovation in security video surveillance. By adopting HD-SDI technology and expanding into Ethernet-based solutions, we’re enhancing centralized monitoring and networking capabilities. This underscores the importance of learning from other industries to enhance overall solutions. Presently, the security and reliability of storage devices are major industry concerns. By leveraging established data storage technologies and drawing on advanced concepts, we can address issues in centralized storage solutions and develop specialized products tailored to video surveillance needs.