China's hydropower installed capacity In recent years, the proportion of hydropower installed capacity in China has gradually declined. As of the end of 2012, the installed capacity of hydropower in China was 248.90 million kilowatts, accounting for 21.77% of the total installed capacity of electric power. Among them, the pumped-storage installed capacity reached 20.31 million kilowatts, accounting for 8.16%. In 2012, the average utilization hours of power generation equipment for power plants of 6000 kilowatts and above was 4,572 hours, a decrease of 158 hours compared to 2011. Among them, hydropower equipment used an average of 3555 hours, an increase of 536 hours. It is expected that in the next few years, due to the continuous enhancement of national energy-saving emission reduction efforts and the rapid development of new energy power generation, the proportion of hydropower installed capacity will gradually decrease as the installed capacity of hydropower continues to increase. Hydropower development still has market space Prospective data show that in recent years, China's major power generation methods, nuclear power and hydropower gross profit margin is relatively high. Specifically, in 2012, the gross profit rate of hydropower in China was the highest, at 43.33%; followed by wind power, with a gross margin of 41.37%; the gross margin of nuclear power was 40.89%, and the gross profit rate of thermal power was only 13.43%, which was relatively low. . The profitability of hydropower in China has a certain competitive advantage over other forms of power generation. There is still market space for hydropower development. The “Twelfth Five-Year Plan†and “Thirteenth Five-Year Plan†are the peak periods of China's major hydropower production, and hydropower has preferential access to the Internet. There is support for consumption, and although there is no profit from investment, the return is stable and long-term sustainable. Policy-driven, prompting the rapid development of the industry 1. "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development" The "Twelfth Five-Year Plan for Renewable Energy Development" clearly stated that priority should be given to the development of rivers with rich hydropower resources and concentrated distribution, and to build ten large-scale hydropower bases with a capacity of 10 million kilowatts. We will focus on the development of hydropower development in the middle and lower reaches of the Jinsha River, the Yalong River, the Dadu River, the lower reaches of the Lancang River, the upper reaches of the Yellow River, and the middle reaches of the Yarlung Zangbo River, and start hydropower development in the upper reaches of the Jinsha River, the upper reaches of the Minjiang River, and the Nu River. 2. The 12th Five-Year Plan for Hydropower Development According to the “12th Five-Year Plan for Hydropower Developmentâ€, during the “12th Five-Year Plan†period, 120 million kilowatts of conventional hydropower and 40 million kilowatts of pumped-storage power were newly started in the country, and an additional capacity of 0.74 billion kilowatts was put into operation. In 2015, the total installed hydropower capacity reached 290 million kilowatts (capacity of pumped storage of 30 million kilowatts), with an annual power generation of 910 billion kwh, equivalent to 300 million tons of standard coal, and a total installed capacity of hydropower of 420 million kilowatts (70 million kilowatts of pumped storage) in 2020. 1.2 trillion kwh, equivalent to 400 million tons of standard coal. The capacity of "West Power Transmission to the East" has been continuously expanded. In 2015, the scale of hydropower transmission exceeded 84 million kilowatts. investment estimate It is estimated that the investment demand for hydropower construction during the “12th Five-Year Plan†will be approximately 800 billion yuan, including about 620 billion yuan for large and medium-sized hydropower projects, 120 billion yuan for small hydropower projects, and 60 billion yuan for pumped-storage power stations. Calculated according to the 20% capital ratio, the capital requirement during the "12th Five-Year Plan" is 160 billion yuan and the financing is 640 billion yuan. Sichuan Province and Yunnan Province in the west are the key areas for hydropower construction, with investment in hydropower construction reaching 330 billion yuan and 340 billion yuan respectively. . Hydropower development must consider ecological protection The study found that the geological risk of the Nu River was highly probable for landslides and mudslides. Although the development of Nujiang Hydropower Station was put on the agenda very early, it has caused great concern in the society and there has been great controversy in environmental protection. Forward-looking that hydropower as a renewable clean energy, its development is indeed to meet the development needs of today's society, but it should also be careful scientific research and scientific decision-making. The development of hydropower plants should include ecological costs and should not be developed at the expense of the environment. The Wenchuan Earthquake, the Yushu Earthquake and the mudslides of Zhouqu, nature has warned us that the already fragile ecology of the middle and lower reaches of the Nu River deserves more protection rather than the “development gains†of breaking the jars.
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